- Title
- What Are the Effective Components of Group-Based Treatment Programs For Smoking Cessation? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Creator
- Mersha, Amanual Getnet; Bryant, Jamie; Rahman, Tabassum; McGuffog, Romany; Maddox, Raglan; Kennedy, Michelle
- Relation
- Nicotine and Tobacco Research Vol. 25, Issue 9, p. 1525-1537
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntad068
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press
- Resource Type
- journal article
- Date
- 2023
- Description
- Introduction: There is significant variation in the format and delivery of group-based smoking cessation programs. To guide research and healthcare program implementation, it is important to understand the active components of interventions. Aims and Methods: This review aimed to (1) identify behavior change techniques (BCTs) used in effective group-based smoking cessation interventions, (2) determine the effectiveness of group-based smoking cessation interventions on smoking cessation at 6-month follow-up, and (3) identify the behavior change techniques (BCTs) related to effective group-based smoking cessation. The following databases were searched in January 2000 and March 2022: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. BCTs used in each study were extracted using the BCT Taxonomy. Studies that included identified BCTs were computed, and meta-analyses were conducted to evaluate smoking cessation at 6-month follow-up. Results: A total of 28 BCTs were identified from 19 randomized controlled trials. Studies included an average of 5.42 ± 2.0 BCTs. The most frequent BCTs were “information about health consequences” and “problem solving.” The pooled 6-month smoking cessation was higher in the group-based intervention group (OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.12 to 2.72, p <.001). Inclusion of the following four BCTs: “Problem solving,” “Information about health Consequences,” “Information about social and environmental consequences,” and “Reward (outcome)” were found to be significantly associated with increased rate of 6-month smoking cessation. Conclusions: Group-based smoking cessation interventions doubles the rate of smoking cessation at 6-month follow-up. Implementing group-based smoking cessation programs, that incorporate multiple BCTs, is recommended for an effective smoking cessation care. Implications: Group-based smoking cessation programs improves smoking cessation outcomes in clinical trials. There is a need to incorporate effective individual BCTs techniques to enhance smoking cessation treatment outcomes. A robust evaluation is required to assess the effectiveness of group-based cessation programs in real world settings. There is also a need to consider the differential effectiveness of group-based programs and BCT impacts on populations, for example, indigenous peoples.
- Subject
- smoking cessation; group treatment programs; healthcare; systematic review
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1488868
- Identifier
- uon:52554
- Identifier
- ISSN:1469-994X
- Language
- eng
- Reviewed
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